RaspberryPi Temperature Sensor

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Time to build a temperature sensor with my Pi.

Schematics

RaspberryPiDS18B20.png
Remember that the Pi revisions have different pinouts! This will work for Revison 2, that is board revision 0004[1]. If you also want to measure humidity and don't need decimal degrees, take a look at RaspberryPi Humidity and Temperature Sensor which uses a DHT11 instead of a DS18B20. But the DHT11 has another disadvantage: There's no kernel module for the Pi for the DHT11 for 1-wire.

Configure the Pi

Update the OS

This not necessary, but generally a good idea.

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade

Install missing packages

If you have already installed them, you can skip this step.

apt-get install bc
apt-get install gnuplot

Setup kernel modules for GPIO and 1-wire device

modprobe w1-gpio
modprobe w1-therm

That maps /sys/bus/w1, you might want to do: vi /etc/modules and add the modules

Check setup

Check whether there is now our sensor device:

cd /sys/bus/w1/devices
ls -1

(if not you might want to try adding dtoverlay=w1-gpio to /boot/config.txt and reboot)

10-000802ad5087[2]
w1_bus_master1

See it's content (values):

cd 10-000802ad5087[3]
cat w1_slave
39 00 4b 46 ff ff 03 10 9c : crc=9c YES
39 00 4b 46 ff ff 03 10 9c t=28562[4]

Code

This is how I read the device and generate a nice plot using GNUplot:

#!/bin/bash
#set -x
#
# Script: readTemperature.sh
# Author: Heiko Kretschmer
# Purpose: Reading the temperature and generating a nice plot
#
#

#
# Globals
#
GDEVICEID="10-000802ad5087"
GDEVICESPATH="/sys/bus/w1/devices"
GDEVICEVALUEFILE="w1_slave"
GTIMESTAMPFORMAT="%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M"
GTIMESTAMP="`date +${GTIMESTAMPFORMAT}`"
GTIMESTAMPTIME="`date '+%H:%M'`"
GTIMESTAMPDATE="`date '+%Y-%m-%d'`" # ISO 8601 date format
GTIMESTAMPDATEHUMANREADABLE="`date '+%A, %Y-%m-%d'`"
GFOLDERBASE="/home/pi/Development/temperature"
GFOLDERLOGS="${GFOLDERBASE}/logs"
GFOLDERGRAPHS="${GFOLDERBASE}/graphs"
GFOLDERTMP="${GFOLDERBASE}/tmp"
GFILELOG="${GFOLDERLOGS}/readTemperature_${GTIMESTAMPDATE}.log"
GFILEGRAPH="${GFOLDERGRAPHS}/readTemperature_${GTIMESTAMPDATE}.svg"
GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS="${GFOLDERTMP}/readTemperature-plot.cmd"

#
# Main
#

# Init
test ! -d "${GFOLDERLOGS}" && mkdir "${GFOLDERLOGS}"
test ! -d "${GFOLDERGRAPHS}" && mkdir "${GFOLDERGRAPHS}"
test ! -d "${GFOLDERTMP}" && mkdir "${GFOLDERTMP}"

# Get the temperature
VALUERAW="`cat \"${GDEVICESPATH}/${GDEVICEID}/${GDEVICEVALUEFILE}\" | grep t= | cut -d= -f2`"
VALUE="`echo \"scale = 3; ${VALUERAW} / 1000\" | bc`"
#echo Temperature: ${VALUE}

# Write it into the log (one logfile per day to get nice graphs)
echo -e "${GTIMESTAMPTIME}\t${VALUE}" >> "${GFILELOG}"

# Generate the graph
test -f "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}" && rm "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"
echo "reset" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"
echo "set key inside right top vertical Right noreverse enhanced autotitles columnhead nobox" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"

# Set time format for X axis
echo "set timefmt \"%H:%M\"" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"
echo "set xdata time" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"
echo "set format x \"%H:%M\"" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"

# Setup line style (#1) for the temperature line
echo "set style line 1 lc rgb '#8b1a0e' pt 1 ps 1 lt 1 lw 2" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}" # http://www.gnuplotting.org/tag/grid/
echo "set style data lines" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"

# Set X tics (one tic per hour, rotate that tick-labels by 90 deg and move em a bit)
echo "set xtics \"01:00\" rotate by 90 offset 0,-2 out nomirror" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"

# Setup Grid (with line style #12)
echo "set style line 12 lc rgb '#E0E0E0' lt 0 lw 1" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}" # http://www.gnuplotting.org/tag/grid/
echo "set grid back ls 12" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}" # http://www.gnuplotting.org/tag/grid/

# Setup Title
echo "set title \"Temperature on ${GTIMESTAMPDATEHUMANREADABLE}\"" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"

# Label X and Y Axis
echo "set ylabel \"°C\"" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"
echo "set xlabel \"Time\" offset 0,-0.5" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"

# Setup Y range
echo "set yrange [ 0.000 : ] noreverse nowriteback" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"

# Set output file type to svg and plot it into file
echo "set term svg size 640,480" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"
echo "set output \"${GFILEGRAPH}\"" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"
echo "plot \"${GFILELOG}\" using 1:2 title 'Temperature' with l ls 1" >> "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}"
cat "${GFILEPLOTCOMMANDS}" | gnuplot

You might want to use a cronjob like this:

*/15 * * * *    /home/pi/Development/temperature/readTemperature.sh > /dev/null 2>&1

Resulting graph

And this is how it looks:
No, there's no mistake, it was veery hot in my living room all night and all day, until a lightning storm came


  1. Raspberry Board Revision Check
  2. This will differ, since this is the UID of my device.
  3. This will differ, since this is the UID of my device.
  4. This is the temperature in degrees celsius (multiplied by 1000), therefore I have 28.562°C in my living room. OMG! It's frickin' hot!